Most emigration seems to have been voluntary, but I've come across two cases of transportation.
At the Coventry Assizes 1.4.1816, John Bottrill< who was 27, and his partner (54) were convicted of Breaking and Entering. That merited transportation to NSW for 14 years. But not immediately - they languished in prison until the ship left in October. By all accounts, the ship was worse than the prison.
Harry Halford Bottrill, aged 32 from Middlesex, was convicted of Bigamy and transported in 1840 for 7 years- he didn't do it again, I imagine.
The Bottrill name was not unknown in the British courts of 18th and 19th centuries. More than 300 Bottrill criminal records can be found - mainly in London. The most popular crime seems to have been forgetting to pay the rent! This merited imprisonment. Whipping was the punishment for stealing - particularly for female servants.
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